Realism (1850-1880)

Realism

(1850 - 1880) Realism is defined by the accurate, unembellished, and detailed depiction of nature or contemporary life. The movement prefers an observation of physical appearance rather than imagination or idealization. In this sense, Realism can be found in movements of many other centuries. The mid 19th century Realist movement chose to paint common, ordinary, sometimes ugly images rather than the stiff, conventional pictures favored by upper-class society. It was an opposition to the traditional approach to Neoclassicism and the drama of Romanticism. Furthermore, advocates of the style were no longer preoccupied with the expectations of the Salons, Academies, or other art institutions. Realists strived to paint scenes as they actually appeared. Often the artists depicted ugly and common subjects that normally alluded to a social, political, or moral message. Never really becoming a solid, unified movement, the closest Realist group was the Barbizon School of landscape painting, headed by Corot and Millet in France. American realists included Thomas Eakins and Henry Ossawa Tanner, who both studied in France. Realism was influential in the development of many later movements including The Ashcan School, the American Scene Painters, and much later Contemporary Realis.

River Scene with Swans by Alfred Augustus Glendening Sr


Realism (1850-1880)

Venus Anadyomène

Venus Anadyomène


Artist: Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (1780–1867)
Title: Venus Anadyomène
Year: 1848
Technique: Oil on canvas
Dimensions: 164 × 82 cm (64.57 × 32.28 in)


http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1848_Jean-Auguste-Dominique_Ingres_-_Venus_Anadyom%C3%A8ne.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres


This image (or other media file) is in the public domain because its copyright has expired. This applies to the United States, Australia, the European Union and those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 70 years.

The Scapegoat (1854)


ArtistWilliam Holman Hunt (1827–1910)
TitleDeutsch: Der Sündenbock
Français : Le bouc émissaire
English: The Scapegoat
Date1854
Current locationLady Lever Art Gallery
Port Sunlight, Merseyside, England, United Kingdom

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:William_Holman_Hunt_-_The_Scapegoat.jpg
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Mattes/Favorite_files/Images/B/Arts/Paintings/1

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (1848-1854)

Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (1848-1854)


The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (also known as the Pre-Raphaelites) was a group of English painters, poets, and critics, founded in 1848 by William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. The three founders were soon joined by William Michael Rossetti, James Collinson, Frederic George Stephens and Thomas Woolner to form a seven-member "brotherhood".

The group's intention was to reform art by rejecting what they considered to be the mechanistic approach first adopted by the Mannerist artists who succeeded Raphael and Michelangelo. They believed that the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on the academic teaching of art. Hence the name "Pre-Raphaelite". In particular, they objected to the influence of Sir Joshua Reynolds, the founder of the English Royal Academy of Arts. They called him "Sir Sloshua", believing that his broad technique was a sloppy and formulaic form of academic Mannerism. In contrast, they wanted to return to the abundant detail, intense colours, and complex compositions of Quattrocento Italian and Flemish art.

The Pre-Raphaelites have been considered the first avant-garde movement in art, though they have also been denied that status, because they continued to accept both the concepts of history painting and of mimesis, or imitation of nature, as central to the purpose of art. However, the Pre-Raphaelites undoubtedly defined themselves as a reform-movement, created a distinct name for their form of art, and published a periodical, The Germ, to promote their ideas. Their debates were recorded in the Pre-Raphaelite Journal.


Frencesca and Her Lute by Edward Charles Hallé


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood


Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (1848-1854)

Selfportrait of Gustave Courbet (1845)

Selfportrait of Gustave Courbet



Gustave Courbet (Auto-Retrato)


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gustave_Courbet
History of painting


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1819 births | 1877 deaths | People from Doubs | French painters | French anarchists | French socialists | Realist painters | People of the Paris Commune | Légion d'honneur refusals